Posted on Desember 4, 2025 by widodogb

CV and Aplication letter

CURICULUM VITAE
Name : Bambang Gunawan

Place / Birth of date : Bangka, May 8^th 1985

Address : Pinang st. 2^ndBangka Postcode : 63117

Phone number : (0351) 493260

Hand phone : +62 899 0909 0111

E-Mail : bams_oye@bravo.com

EDUCATION :

2004-2007 : Hotel and Tourism Academy “Mandiri”

2006 : English for Tourism training

2005 : Hotel training

2001-2004 : Vocational School “Pariwisata”

2001-2004 : “Happy English” English Course

OCCUPATION :

2006- : Present Waiter in Cozy Restaurant

2005-2006 : Kitchen partner in Ambarrukmo Restaurant

2004-2005 : Waiter in Luxurious Restaurant

COMPETENCIES :

Good command of spoken and written English (TOEIC score of 650)

INTERESTS :

Sports : Volley ball, table tennis

Music : Playing guitar

date April 21st, 2008

Personnel Manager

P. O. Box 45721 inside address

Medan, North Sumatra

Dear Sir/Madam salutation

opening paragraph

I am applying for the position of a waiter, advertised in Suara Rakyat on April 17th, 2008. My name is Bambang Gunawan and I am 22 years old. I have an Associate’s Degree from aHotel and Tourism Academy.

body of letter

I have worked for some restaurants as a waiter or a kitchen partner in the kitchen department. I have more than three years of work experience. I joined training and apprenticeship while I was in the vocational school and academy. My good English proficiency will also be an advantage as a waiter. I believe that my educational background and experience meet your requirements. I would like to add that I have a pleasant personality. I am friendly, hardworking, and eager to learn. I am able to work independently as well as in a team.

closing paragraph

I enclose my CV, a recent photo, and copies of some documents. I look forward to hearing from you.

Sincerely yours,

Closing

Bambang Gunawan

Jalan Pinang No. 2 sender’s address

Bangka 32541

Exercise

Makes Application letter based on this information

Requirements

PT. Java-Japan, Jl. Diponegoro 22 Madiun

Electrical technician position
SMK Electrical
hardworking, and eager to learn
single
be ready placed in East Java

Taken from : website: http:loker.pt.java-japan.com, October 16 2024

Posted on Oktober 6, 2024 by widodogb

My Beloved Village

Materi : Mendeskripsikan Lingkungan Tempat Tinggal,

Descriptive Text, menceritakan tentang tempat tinggal, yaitu berupa desa, kota, lingkungan, dusun, perumahan dan lain-lain. Yang diceritakan adalah hal-hal yang menarik yang ada diseluruh lingkungan tempat tinggal, misalnya sawah yang indah, perkebunan yang teduh, sungai yang jernih, masayarakat yang ramah, hutan yang hijau, taman buah , Taman Bunga yang beraneka macam dan sebagainya. Jika di desa tempat tinggal ada bagunan, taman, candi, masjid, gereja yang menarik , yang punya cerita sejarah merupakan hal yang unik dan menarik yang harus diceritakan dalam descriptive teks ini.

Singkatnya, descriptive text adalah teks yang menjelaskan tentang suatu hal. Baik orang, benda, peristiwa, ataupun tempat. Descriptive text memberikan penjelasan secara rinci agar pembaca paham objek informasi yang mereka cari.

Descriptive text merupakan salah satu jenis teks yang berfungsi untuk menjelaskan seseorang atau sesuatu hal.Teks ini memiliki beberapa ciri di antaranya seperti menggunakan atribut dan menjelaskan proses, menggunakan adjective dan classifiers serta menggunakan simple present tense. Selain itu, descriptive text juga memiliki struktur umum yang terdiri atas identifikasi dan deskripsi.

Identifikasi merupakan bagian yang mengidentifikasi hal yang dijelaskan. Sementara itu, deskripsi merupakan bagian yang menjelaskan kejadian, kualitas, dan atau karakteristik sesuatu hal yang dijelaskan.

Berikut Contoh Descriptive Text yang menceritakan suatu tempat:

Raja Ampat

Raja Ampat is one of popular nature destination in Papua, Indonesia.Raja Ampat is well-known tourist destination for its beautiful beach, sea activities, and wonderful underwater views. Raja Ampat is a natural habitat of fish and sea animals. Raja Ampat is said to be a hidden paradise in Eastern Indonesia. The sea water is still very clear with many bright and beautiful marine animals.

Raja Ampat beach has white sand, thus adding to the impression of the beauty of this place. Raja Ampat is also a group of small islands that have many steep and beautiful cliffs.

My Beloved Village

I’m only just a simple boy that came from Negeri Sembilan living where in Kg. Minching Baru B.

For me, my village is the best from others. In my village has a lot of various fruit like durian,rambutan,mangosteen and so on. My village gave me a lot of memories either sweet nor bad memories.

For me, the best memories along I grew up in there are bathing in a river, fishing, playing gasing and others.

But the most exciting is where Eid begins.

During to celebrate Eid, all my relatives came to village to celebrate Eid together make more cheerful’s situation. Many activity had done in the night before Eid morning. Firstly the most important during Eid is did the lemang. Lemang is a traditional Malay delicacy made from glutinuos rice and cooked in a stick of bamboo in a well watched open fire outdoors and usually eaten with rendang or curries.

Before Eid, must for me to bought some new clothes as baju raya. We all has shopping together bought the new clothes for Eid. Its also can make more strength in sillaturrahim in each Muslim.

Other than story about Eid, the best abaut my village is I can eat my mother’s cooked and also help my mother did the homework when I feel boring and free.

I also can visited all my old friends that long time not had been seen.

Above here is the reason why I very love my village.

Thank you.Wassalam.

Sumber : aizad: My Beloved Village (aizaddprokiller.blogspot.com)

Lawang Sewu

Lawang Sewu is a historic building located in the city of Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. It was built in the early 20th century by the Dutch colonial government as the headquarters of the Dutch East Indies railway company. The building is a grand structure, featuring a mix of Gothic, Renaissance, and Dutch colonial architectural styles. It is characterized by its large arched windows, intricate carvings, and distinctive Dutch-style roof.

Lawang Sewu has a rich history, having served as a prison during the Japanese occupation of Indonesia and as a military headquarters during Indonesia’s independence struggle. It was also the site of several important events during the country’s political turmoil in the mid-20th century.

Today, Lawang Sewu is a popular tourist attraction, showcasing the rich history and cultural heritage of Semarang and Indonesia. Visitors can explore the building’s stunning architecture, including its grand halls and ornate staircases, and learn about its fascinating history through guided tours. Despite its turbulent past, Lawang Sewu remains a testament to the region’s cultural richness and is widely regarded as one of the most important historical landmarks in Indonesia.

Sumber : ✓ 10 Contoh Descriptive Text Tentang Tempat Dan Artinya (penaguru.com)

Posted on Mei 12, 2024 by widodogb

expressing opinion

Tujuan Pembelajaran

Siswa dapat mengidentifikasi opini
Siswa dapat menjelaskan fungsi dari sebuah opini dengan baik
Siswa dapat menanyakan opini kepada orang lain dengan baik
Siswa dapat memberikan opini dengan baik

2. Materi pembelajaran,

Fungsi Sosial Ungkapan “Asking for and Giving Opinion”

Untuk memberikan pendapat dan meminta pendapat.

About Your School

1 What do you think of your school?

I think……
I feel…..
In my opinion….
according to me, …

2 So, what should you do ?

I have to …..
I should…..
I must….

Asking for Expressing Opinion ( minta pendapat)

What is your opinion? I think …
What do you think of…? I believe …
How do you feel about…? I feel …
How do you see …? It seems to me …
What’s your idea about …..?
What do you think about it?
Do you agree with that?
Is that what you think?
Have you got an opinion about it?
How do you feel about it?
Do you have anything to say about it?

Giving Opinion (memberi pendapat)

In my opinion…
In my experience…
Speaking for myself…
Personally, I think…
I (strongly) believe that…
I really feel that…
If you ask me…

Agreeing (persetujuan)

Of course
You’re absolutely right
Yes, I agree.
I think so too.
That’s a (very) good point.
Oh yes, that’s right.
Exactly.
I don’t think so either.
That’s true.
That’s just what I was thinking.
I couldn’t agree more.
That’s exactly what I think.
I think you’re right.
I hear you.
Yes, me too / me neither.

Gives some opinion about : …………………

What is your opinion about bullying in your school?
What do you think about environment of your school?
How do you feel about the important of responsibility as a student?
What’s your idea about the creativity of the student?
Have you got an opinion how to increase the discipline habitual

Make Some of Group of 4 Students, choose one of the topic above.

Example of Dialog about Expression of Opinion about Global Warming

KIKI : Hi.. good afternoon

ANA : Hi, good afternoon Kiki
KIKI : How about our team homework ?
ANA : Oh yeah. Biology homework about global warming. What is your opinion about Global Warming ?

KIKI : I think it becomes worse and worse, Today it becomes hot news talking by all people in the world. So we must make a Poster about global warming and finished that next week
ANA : Do you have an idea about this ?

KIKI : Mmm…..I was thinking it, a big globe of earth……with the factories, the junk, and pollution around us it will be awesome
ANA : I agree with you, maybe we can add flood in Jakarta and the bald forest in Borneo.

KIKI : We must have a good picture to edited, maybe I can get it from Google Earth.
ANA : I agree, they have a good point of view for our earth.
KIKI : Can we do this homework tomorrow?
ANA : Ok.. That a very good idea . See you tomorrow.

KIKI : See you.

“WHAT DO YOU THINK ABOUT BULLYING?”

Task 1

Read the questions carefully. Note down your opinions and reactions to the questions. During the discussion with your group of four, offer your personal reaction and understanding of the text.

1. Do you think bullying is a serious issue in your school? Give reasons to support your opinion.

2. Did this opinion article raise/change your awareness about bullying? Please explain.

3. Do you think it is necessary to educate people on issue of bullying? Why? Give reasons to support your opinion.

4. Do you think bullying should be declared as punishable crime? Give reasons to support your answer.

5. Discuss the article on bullying in a group? Does it change your perspective on bullying or not? Give reasons to support your answers.

Task 2

Read the opinions below. Based on the context of the statements given below,try to figure out what is being talked about. Match the category in the box with the opinions given in the table below. The first one has been done for you.

Task 3

Work in Pairs, make a dialogue about the expressing of opinion! Look at the example below :

Helmi : Retno, what do you think is the best action to reduce global warming?

Retno : I think everyone should start changing their way of life.

Helmi : What do you mean?

Retno : Well, we have to start to do what we can, to help reduce global warming.

Helmi : What do you suggest that we should do?

Retno : Well, there are lots of things that we can do. We should start saving electricity, start recycling things, start using public transport means, buying and consuming as much as we need only, etc. Basically, just save anything that we can.

Helmi : Wow! You know a lot of things about reducing global warming. Where did you learn all of that from?

Retno : Well, I read newspapers, magazines, and also search for information in the internet. Actually, I want to inform what I’ve learned to everyone so that everybody can start helping to save our mother nature.

Helmi : You’re so awesome. How about if you write it in our school magazine next month?

Retno : That’s a great idea. I’ll do that.

Helmi : OK, I’ve got to go now.

Retno : Bye.

Act out the dialogue in front of the class!
(Assignment at home). Find such dialogue using the expressing Opinion from internet or another sources! Rewrite the script on your notebook!

Posted on April 4, 2024 by widodogb

istilah Ramadhan in English

Gaya Hidup

Istilah-Istilah Bulan Ramadan dalam Bahasa Inggris

2022.04.12

Bulan Ramadan sebentar lagi akan datang. Sesuai dengan momentum Ramadhan, dalam artikel ini kita akan membahas mengenai istilah-istilah yang biasa digunakan selama Ramadhan dalam bahasa Inggris:

Berikut adalah istilah-istilah yang biasa ditemukan dalam bahasa Inggris:

1. Puasa: Fast (verb)/Fasting (Noun)
Contoh dalam kalimat:
I’m fasting now, sorry I can’t go out to lunch with you. (Saya sedang berpuasa, maaf saya tidak bisa ikut makan siang dengan kamu)

2. Buka puasa: break a fast/breaking a fast
Contoh dalam kalimat:
What time is the break fasting time? (Jam berapa waktunya ber buka puasa?)

3. Sahur: Pre-dawn meal
We take the pre-dawn meal to start the fasting (Kami makan sahur sebelum melakukan puasa)

4. Mudik: Lebaran homecoming
Indonesian usually do the Lebaran homecoming tradition. (Orang Indonesia melakukan tradisi mudik setiap lebaran.

5. THR: Lebaran bonus/Religious Holiday Allowance
I hope the company can give Lebaran allowance early (Saya berharap perusahaan bisa memberikan THR lebih cepat)

6. Imsak: Imsak
Finish your meal before imsak! (Selesaikan makan mu sebelum waktu Imsak)

7. Magrib: Maghreb/dusk prayer
We will break the fast when the dusk prayer begin (Kami akan berbuka puasa saat terdengar adzan magrib)

8. Subuh: dawn/dawn prayer
Don’t forget to take Subuh dawn prayer after imsak. (Jangan lupa untuk sholat subuh setelah imsak)

9. Idul Fitri: Eid Mubarak/ Eid Al-fitr
We celebrate Eid Mubarak after one month fasting. (Kami merayakan idul fitri setelah satu bulan berpuasa).

10. Kurma: Date
Date is one of the food good for breaking your fast. (Kurma adalah salah satu makanan yang
bagus untuk berbuka puasa)
It is recommended to break a fast by eating 2 or 3 dates fruit, as it provides the body with sugar dan helping restore low blood sugar after fasting all day long. (Dianjurkan untuk berbuka puasa dengan memakan 2 atau 3 buah kurma, karena kurma dapat menyuplai pasokan gula bagi tubuh dan membantu mengembalikan kadar gula darah setelah berpuasa seharian)

11. Membayar hutang puasa/qhada puasa: make up the fast
Before Ramadhan you should make up the fast you left behind last year. (Sebelum Ramadhan, kamu harus membayar puasa yang terhutang tahun lalu).

12. Ziarah makam: Pilgrimage/visiting grave
The pilgrimage usually full of people who wants to visit before Ramadhan. (Pemakaman akan penuh dengan orang yang akan ziarah sebelum Ramadhan)
Don’t be surprised when you see so many people coming to graveyard to make pilgrimages, it has been a tradition for a long time. (Jangan heran kalau kamu menemukan begitu banyak orang berdatangan ke pemakaman untuk berziarah, itu sudah menjadi tradisi sejak lama)

13. Halal-bihalal: halal bihalal/forgiving each other
Lebaran is the time for forgiving each other and doing halal bihalal. (Lebaran adalah waktu yang tepat untuk saling memaafkan dan melakukan halal bihalal.

14. Zakat/sedekah: alms
We have to do the alms before Eid Mubarak. (Kita harus menunaikan zakat sebelum idul fitri).

15. Solat Tarawih: Tarawih prayer
Rina doing her tarawih prayer at Masjid Agung. (Rina sholat tarawih di Masjid Agung).

16. Adzan: call to prayer
We have to listen the call to prayer first before doing the prayer. (Kita harus mendegar adzan dahulu sebelum bisa sholat).

17. Malam Lailatul Qadar: Lailat Al-Qadar/The Derivation Night of Koran
Every Ramadhan we expect to meet Lailat-Al-Qadar. (Setiap Ramadhan kita mengharapkan untuk bisa bertemu malam Lailatul Qadar.

Demikian istilah-istilah bahasa Inggris untuk bulan Ramadhan. Kamu bisa gunakan dalam berbahasa Inggris sehari hari ya.

Posted on Februari 1, 2024 by widodogb

Let’s practice conversation

Conversation with receptionist

Visitor: Excuse me.

Receptionist: Yeah, what can I do for you sir?

Visitor: Could you help me to meet Mr. R.K. Bhatia, the manager of this company?

Receptionist: I am sorry you can’t meet him today. He is extremely busy. Did you take an appointment?

Visitor: Yes, I did. He himself called me today.

Receptionist: Actually he is busy in an urgent meeting with a delegation from Japan. And he ordered me not to allow anybody to meet him till 3pm today.

Visitor: It is very important for me to meet him today as I am flying to America tomorrow.

Receptionist: Would you wait for a minute? Let me check with the manager please. What’s your good name sir, and from which company are you coming?

Visitor: R.S. Sagoo, Senior Computer Engineer,
Thunderbird Graphics.

Receptionist: Thank you sir. (After talking to the manager on intercom)…. I hope you won’t mind sir. You will have to wait for half-an-hour. Mr. Bhatia will definitely meet with you.

Visitor: It’s all right. I’ll wait.

Receptionist: (Pointing out to sofa) Please have a seat there. Meanwhile I am arranging coffee for you.

Visitor: (Smilingly) Thanks.

In situation speaking a person learn to speak a few sentences in a particular situation.

Asking to Receptionist

X: Excuse me. Miss!

Y: yes. What can I do for you, Sir!

X : Could you help me to meet the Manager, here!

Y: yes sure, do you have an appointment!

X: not yet. but it is very important

Y: ok. would you wait a minute !

X: with my pleasure.

2. Borrow Friends Book

X : Could I borrow your book, please! I have to prepare for the rest, tomorrow.

Y : yes, I’d love to.

Raju, I have lost my English Book – ‘Guided Reading’. Can you borrow your book for one day? My test is tomorrow. I have to prepare for the test. Thanks.

3. Birthday Invitation

Hello Ravi, how are you? You will be glad to know that tomorrow is my birthday. I am celebrating it at my home. I shall cut the cake at 7pm. There is dinner afterwards. I invite you. Please do come.

X : I would like to invite you to my birthday , Could you come at 7 pm tomorrow?

Y : yes, I’d love to.

4. Go Shopping

X: Hello! Are you free in the evening?

Y: yes, can I Help you?

X : Could you go with me to the super market. I have to buy some dresses. Would you accompany me at 6 pm.

Y : How do we go there?

X : We will go to Ramayana Mall with my motor bike.

4. Order Dishes

X : Excuse me! May I Help you.

Y : Please note down my order: one plate fried noodles, a bowl meatball, a bowl chicken soup and a plate pastry. And two glass of orange juice. Send the dishes at the Corner table.

X : yes, wait a minute. Please!

( after dinner is up)

Y : May I have the bill, please!

X : here you are.

5. How did you Celebrate your Birthday?

I celebrated my last birthday at my home. My family decorated the drawing room. I invited my friends only. My mother prepared tasty food. We enjoyed music and dance.

6. Borrow your friend’s car

Hello, Ramesh? How are you? I am Raju. My car has broken down. There are guests at home. Can you give me your car for one day? Thanking you very much.

7. Calling a taxi

Is it taxi stand? We need a taxi. We have to go to IGI Airport. There are only three passengers and some luggage. What will be the charges? Please send one taxi at 10pm. Note down my address and phone no……

8. Urgent Need of Money

Hello Puneet, how are you? Puneet I want Rs.500/- urgently for my school fee. My parents are not here. They have gone out of Delhi for two days. As soon as my parents come back I shall return your money. Thanks.

9. Congratulating Your Friend

Hello, Sushma! I am very happy today. Heartiest congratulations to you on passing with good marks. I saw your result in the newspaper. May God give you success in every field of life! When will you give me treat? I shall wait for your phone.

10. Invite Your Uncle To the Party

Hello uncle, how are you? I am Amrita Speaking. Uncle, there is a good news for you. I have got job in a multinational company. So we are giving a party at home on coming Sunday. The party will start at 7 pm. We invite you with family. We shall wait for you.

11. Booking room in a hotel

Hello, is it Taj Palace, Shimla? I am speaking from Delhi. I want to book one double-bed room. What are your charges ? Please book the room for three days. We shall reach Shilmla on 5th of next month.

12. Advise Your Brother to Work Hard

Aman, come here. I always see you sitting in front of TV. Why do you not study? You may fail in the examination. So, I advise you to work hard and get good marks. Without study you can’t make a good career.

13. Call a Doctor

Hello, is it Vandana Clinic? Good morning doctor! I am speaking from Ramesh Nagar. Doctor, my neighbour has very high fever. He is unable to come to your clinic. Please, come immediately. The address is………..

14. Demand Pocket Money From Your Father

Good evening, papa! I have to talk to you. You don’t give me pocket money. In college my friends bring pocket money. They can purchase what they want. Some friends make fun of me. I feel ashamed. Can you please give me Rs.100/- every week. I promise that I shall not misuse my pocket money

15. Buying A TV

Excuse me! I want to buy a good television. It should have at least 100 Channels and 21 inches screen. It must be attractive. Will you suggest me one? And, can I pay in installments?

In situation speaking a person learn to speak a few sentences in a particular situation.

16. Trade Fair Programme

Hello Meena! I am Rajani speaking. How are you? You know International Trade Fare is going on at Pragati Maidan. We can visit there on Sunday. We shall go in my car. Please reach my home at 11am.
17. Advising your brother

Rahul, come here. You often tell a lie. It is not a good habit. Nobody will believe you. It may spoil your career. So you must improve yourself. I hope you will follow my advice.

3. Scolding a Kid

Manu! What are you doing? Why are you breaking your toy? You often break your toys. What is the reason? Toys are costly. You must keep them with care. Otherwise we shall never bring toys for you.

4. Inviting an MP

Good morning, sir! I am speaking from Delhi Welfare Society. We are holding annual function on coming Sunday. We are inviting you as the chief guest. We hope you will grace the occasion. Please come at 9am. We shall be thankful to you.

5. Scolding younger brother

Mahesh, come here. How did you break the headlight of my bike? You drive very fast. If you don’t drive carefully I shall never give you my bike again. Now get the headlight repaired from your pocket money.

1. Magic Show

Last Sunday I saw a magic show in Talkatora Stadium. I went there with my friends. The show started at 8pm. The magician showed many good tricks. It was a wonderful show. The audience clapped many times. I also enjoyed the show very much.

2. Report Car Theft

Excuse me! Please write my F.I.R. My car has been stolen. I had gone for shopping in Rajouri Garden market. I had parked my car in the parking place. When I came back from shopping my car was not there. Its colour is blue. It is Honda City. Its number is …….

3. Going on trip

Good morning, papa. Our school has arranged a trip to Ooty. Charges of the tour are Rs.1500/-. My all friends are going. I also want to go. Please give me permission to go. Thanks papa.

4. Uncle has got late for dinner

Hello uncle! Where are you late? Why have you not reached as yet? We are worried. You were to come at 8pm. Now it is 9pm. Dinner is ready and getting cool. Please come soon.

5. Thanking Uncle for Gift

Uncle, thanks for sending me birthday gift. It is a beautiful video game. Everybody has liked it. Why didn’t you come on my birthday. I missed you on my birthday.

Mohit: Hello John, how are you?
John: I am fine. How are you Mohit? Do you remember, it is Sunny’s birthday today?
Mohit: How can I forget the birthday of such a nice friend. Are you going?
John: Definitely. At what time will you go?
Mohit: At 7 p.m. Why don’t you come to my house. We’ll go together in my car.
John: OK. I’ll come. Have you bought any present for Sunny?
Mohit: Not yet. I am unable to decide. And what have you bought?
John: I’ll give him Rs.101/- cash.
Mohit: We should give him a nice gift. We can also buy a combined gift for him.
John: Good idea. Let’s buy a good watch for him. Or suggest other gifts.
Mohit: There may be other gifts like cricket bat, a set of pens etc.
John: Sunny is fond of playing cricket. Why don’t we buy a good bat and a ball.
Mohit: Let’s go to market then.
(At Sunny’s House)
John: Hello dear Sunny! How are you feeling today?
Mohit: You are looking very smart.
Sunny: (angrily) I don’t want to talk to you. Have you got time to attend my birthday? Where have you been? Why are you so late?
Mohit: In fact we got late in the market.
John: We are extremely (very much) sorry. Haven’t you cut the cake as yet?
Sunny: How can I? I was to cut the cake at 7.30pm. Now it is 8.00. I have been anxiously waiting for you.
John: Now cheer up and cut the cake. We have brought a wonderful gift for you. Where are the candles and the matchbox? Let me light the candles. Call all the friends and other guests in this room.
Mohit: Where is the photographer? Haven’t you arranged a camera?
Sunny: Are you seeing a camera there?
Mohit: Yeah .
Sunny: Then pick it up and become a photographer.

ROSY: Hi, Reena! What’re you doing?

REENA: Hi, Rosy! Glad to meet you.

ROSY: It’s my teacher’s birthday today and I’m unable to buy a gift for her.

REENA: You know buying a gift is the easiest task for a person.

ROSY: But I’m confused. Can you help me? Your choice is good.

REENA: Thanks for the complement. Buying gift is so simple. You just need to follow some steps.

ROSY: Please, tell.

REENA: While buying a gift keep the likes and dislikes of the person for whom you want to buy a gift. Tell me, if a person dislikes video games, can you gift him that?

ROSY: Not at all. He may even get angry.

REENA: Most people buy a gift for formality only. You are spending money. So buy a gift that will make that person happy.

ROSY: I also have many useless gifts which I want to throw away. But if we don’t know about the taste of a person, what should be done?

REENA: In such a situation it is better to present a gift coupon. A person will buy a gift of his choice.

ROSY: It is a good idea.

REENA: Do you know about the hobbies of your teacher?

ROSY: She loves to write poems.

REENA: Then buy a good diary and a pen for her. Present these gifts with a beautiful rose flower.

ROSY: Thank you; you’re such a nice friend

ROSY: I see you dating with a new boy. What’s his name?

MARY: He is Madan. He is from India. He’s a very smart boy.

ROSY: Are you in love with him?

MARY: Not exactly. But I think I may be.

ROSY: But till last week you were in love with David.

MARY: Is it necessary to love only person?

ROSY: You had been dating David for several months, and it seemed both of you were deeply in love. I know David. You won’t find such a nice boy again.

MARY: I got bored with David. Now there was no thrill in the relationship.

ROSY: You made a mistake Mary. If you keep changing your love you may not be happy in future.

MARY: We are living in a new world Rosy. Don’t be orthodox. If we are too much emotional, we can’t enjoy life.

ROSY: You must understand my friend that deep relationship is more fulfilling.

MARY: I don’t agree with you. Can you enjoy life by wearing the same dress everyday?

ROSY: How can you compare dresses with a relationships? Your way of living will break family life completely. Will you be able to enjoy life without a good family after your young age passes?

MARY: You are indulging me in debate Rosy. Sorry, I have to go now. Madan has invited me for dinner today.

ROSY: Bye Mary, but think about David again.

Posted on Januari 23, 2024 by widodogb

Direction

Greeting

Sebelum menanyakan arah (asking directions) kepada orang lain, sebaiknya kalian menyampaikan ucapan greetings atau salam terlebih dahulu. Hal ini untuk memberikan kesan sopan sehingga orang yang kalian ajak berbicara akan merespon dengan baik. Kalian bisa menggunakan kata-kata greetings di bawah ini:

Pardon me , sir or mom!
Excuse me, could you help me, please?
May I ask you a minute sir / mom?
Sorry for bothering you sir / mom !
Sorry, I am not from around here.
I am sorry to interrupt you, because I am new here.I’m lost.

Direction (petunjuk arah)

East : timur
west : barat
north : Utara
south: selatan
middle/center : tengah
Turn left : belok kiri
Turn right : belok kanan
Go straight on/ go ahead : jalan lurus
Left hand side : disebelah kiri
Right hand side : disebelah kanan
T- Junction : pertigaan
Crossroad : perempatan
5 Intersection : cabang lima
Opposite : diseberang
Go pass : melewati
Next to : disebelah
Beside : disamping
Across from : diseberang dari..
Behind : dibelakang
In front of : didepan
On the corner : di pojok
roundabout = bundaran
signpost = papan penunjuk jalan
dead end = jalan buntu
downtown : dalam kota
uptown : luar kota
downstair: lantai bawah
upstair : lantai atas
flyover = jembatan layang
bridge = jembatan
railway bridge = jembatan kereta api
railway line = jalur kereta api
pedestrian crossing = penyeberangan pejalan kaki
sidewalk : trotoar
stop sign = tanda berhenti
U turn : putar balik
hospital = rumah sakit
police station = kantor polisi
shopping centre = pusat perbelanjaan
petrol station : SPBU
You will reach it : kamu akan sampai
You can`t miss it : kamu pasti tdk kelewatan
Could you tell me the way to….., please : bisakah anda menunjukan jalan ke….?
How to get to the…please? : bagaimana untuk ke….?
Which way to… please? : jalan yg mana untuk ke…?
Which is the best route to… : mana rute terbaik menuju ke…?
How do I get to… please? : bagaimana saya ke..?
You can get on… : kamu bisa naik…
Get off on the…. : turun di..
Follow the …. : ikuti ….
Path/alley/ passageway : gang
Street –road-boulevard-highway : jalan –jalan besar-jalan raya-jalan tol
Direction to… : arah ke….
Until the traffic light : sampai lampu bangjo/lalulintas
Could you tell me how to get to …?
Could you tell me where the … is?
Would you give me directions to go to …?
Can you direct me to …?
Would you show me the way to …?
May I ask you the way to …?
Can you show me the … on the map?
I’m looking for …. Would you give me directi
Where is the …?
Where can I find the …?
How can / do I get to …?
How can / do I find …?
How far is the … from the …?
How do you get to … from …?
Which is the best way to …?
What’s the best way to get to …?
What’s the quickest way to get to …?

Lita : Excuse me! I am sorry for bothering you sir.

Mr. Alex : No, that is ok. What’s happening?

Lita : I am trying to find a bookshop sir. Could you show me the way to get that?

Mr Alex : Yes, of course! Start from this, you have to go straight until you find T junction. Then turn right and follow the street. The bookshop is on your left side, in frontof the bank.

Lita : I am sorry, in front of what?

Mr. Alex : Oh, it is in front of the bank.

Lita : Thank you sir.

(source: https://www.necerz.com/2020/10/materi-asking-giving-directions.html)

Ecercise 1

Example : from here, Could you tell me the way to square of Madiun regency, please?

answer : From this Road, you go ahead to the east, you Will find the traffic light on the T-jucntion, you have to turn the left. Follow that street you must be reach the crossroad, turn right and the square is on the left hand side of that road.

From your house, How do you go to the your school, please?
From your school, how can I get to the railway station of Madiun, please?
Which is the best route to Surakarta city, please?

Posted on Januari 18, 2024 by widodogb

Personal information

Hello, I ‘am ….

Sara is a new student at Poltek Pratama Mulia Surakarta. Today is her first day at campus, so she wants to have as many as friends she can. She introduces herself to someone else she meets.

Sara : Hello. My name is Sara.

Heri : Hi. I am Heri Kusuma Wibawa. But you can call me Heri.

Sara : It is glad to meet you Heri.

Heri : It is glad to meet you too, Sara.

Where are you from?

Sara : Oo, I come from Solo. What about you?

Heri : Mmm, I am from Cirebon, West Java.

Sara : Cirebon. Wow, it is far away from Solo, isn’t it?

Are you a student here?

Heri : Yea, I am a student of electronic department. You?

Sara : That’s great, we are in the same department.

Ok, let’s pay attention to the dialog above. When Sara introduces herself to Heri, what does she inform? Sara informs her about her name, her origin and her occupation. The information which are given by Sara are called personal information.

A. Expression in Giving Personal Information and Introducing Yourself

Your name : I am Heri Kusuma Wibawa

My name is Heri Kusuma Wibawa.

You can call me Heri.

Your Occupation : I am a student at Poltek Pratama Mulia

I am from electronic department.

I am a teacher of SMK 2 Madiun

Your origin : I am from Cirebon

I come from Cirebon, West Java.

Your address : I live in Madiun.

I live on Slamet Riyadi. St. number 100

My house is at 23^rd Slamet Riyadi st. Madiun

Personal Information

What you have learnt is a simple personal information. You can also inform more about yourself to other. Below, there is a cluster consisting items about personal information

Activity 1: Personal Information

Now look at the examples of how people give personal information.

My name is Sara Kusuma Wardhani. But you can call me Sara. I come from Solo with my family. I am a student at Poltek Pratama Mulia Surakarta Office administration department.
I am Heri Kusuma Wibawa. I was born on May 17, 1981. I am from Cirebon, West Java. But, now I live in a boarding house, at Jalan Panularan 17 Solo.
Hi, I am Intan Savitri. You may call me Intan or Vitri. I am 23 years old. You may contact me on this phone number 237-590. I am a secretary in a law office. It is on Jalan Slamet Riyadi. Swimming and reading are my hobby besides corresponding through internet.

Activity 2

The passage below is about Intan Savitri. She has won the first prize of writing contest held by a national news paper. She is being interviewed by a reporter from a school magazine of SMU 1.

Intan Savitri is my full name, but my friends call me Intan. I was born in Cirebon, on August 7^th, 1995. I come from a family of four. I have an elder sister and two younger brothers. My parents are from Central Java, but my elder sister and I were born in Cirebon. Now my family live in Cirebon.

My parents are teachers, and actually I come from a family of teacher. My elder sister is an English teacher at SMU 1 Cirebon. Meanwhile I am studying at Faculty of Letters majoring in English study.

I have been writing since I was in junior high school. I like writing very much because by writing I can express my idea, my feeling, and also my experience. Writing is a very exciting work. I hope I can have my own magazine someday.

Now, I am studying English here in Solo. It is hard for me because it is difficult for me to go home and meet my family. At least, once in a month, I go to Cirebon to meet my family. And I feel their warmth and care although I live far away from them.

To check your comprehension about the passage, read the following statements. Decide if the statement is true or false.

Intan is an editor.
She works for school magazine.
Intan’s parents come from Surabaya.
Intan is from Solo.
Her elder sister works as an English teacher.
Intan’s family lives in Solo.
Intan likes writing about action.
She has her own magazine.

Sometimes you want to know more about your friends. But you have to know how to ask for information of your friends. Here are the examples”

Name : What’s your name?

May I know your name?

Can you tell me your name?

Excuse me, are you Miss Intan?

Address : Where do you live?

What’s your address?

Do you live in Klaten?

Occupation : What is your job?

Are you a students/lecturer/trader?

What is your occupation now?

Excuse me, what kind of work do you have?

What do you do?

Hobbies : What are your hobbies?

Can you tell me about your hobbies?

Are singing and reading your hobbies?

What do you do for fun?

Place of Origin : Where are you from?

Excuse me, are you from Cirebon?

Where do you come from?

Age : Excuse me, how old are you now?

When were you born?

Are you twenties?

Activity 3 : Compiling Personal Data

Full Name :
Date, Place of Birth :
Address :
City :
Province :
Postal Code : Telephone
Occupation :
Hobby :

Verb

When we give personal information in English, we use a complete sentence. A complete sentence has a Subject (Italic) and a Predicate (Underlined). Let’s check the examples:

My name is Intan Savitri. My friends call me Intan.

I am from Cirebon, but now I live in Solo.

Intan and Heri is college students. They go to Poltek Pratama Mulia.

Yes/No Question with be

Are you from Solo? No, I am not from Solo, I am from Cirebon.

Are you a student? Yes, I am.

Is Intan a writer? Yes, she is.

Is Heri a reporter? No, he is not a reporter. He is a student.

Wh- question with be

What’s your name? My name is Intan.

Where are you from? I am from Cirebon.

Where do you live now? I live in Solo with my uncle.

When were you born? I wan born on May 17^th, 1982.

B. Expression in Greetings and Leave-Taking

In English, there are certain expressions for greeting people and leave-taking.

Conversation: Greeting

A : Good morning, Intan.

B : Good morning, Heri.

A : How are you?

B : Fine thanks.

Pierre : Hello, Mrs. Garcia. How are you doing?

Mrs. Garcia : Pretty good, thanks. How about you, Pierre?

Pierre : Not bat, thanks.

Sometimes we meet people for the first time, like you in the first day of English lesson today.

Cathy : Hello, I am Cathy.

Tinna : How do you do? I am Tinna.

Cathy : How do you do? Pleased to meet you.

Tinna : I am fine thank you. How are you?

Cathy : I am fine too.

At the end of the meeting, we need to say something, that is take-leaving expressions:

A : Good bye. See you tomorrow.

B : See you. Take it easy.

C : Bye! See you later!

D : Yeah, bye!

E : Goodbye.

F : Bye-bye, see you on Wednesday

G : Goodbye. Have a nice evening.

H : Thanks. You too!

I : Until the next time

J : So long. Take it easy.

Activity 4 Situation

You see a new person in your school, looking lonely. Introduce yourself to him/her.
You meet your old friend again after four years.
You are student at Pratama Mulia and you meet your teacher after class.

Activity 5 Writing about Yourself

Now, you know how to ask for and give personal information. Now write about yourself and include any personal information that you want to tell.

Reference

Agus Dwi Priyanto, S.S., English for All. Pratama Mulia Computer Course. Surakarta.

Bruce Tillit, et. all. 1985. Speaking Naturally. Cambride: Cambride University Press

Interchange 1

Mark Fletcher. 1994. Making Polite English. English Experience. London

Yayasan LIA. 1996a. All about People. Jakarta. PT. Siwibakti Darma.

Posted on Januari 3, 2024 by widodogb

caption text

Caption Text: Pengertian, Fungsi, Generic Structure, Language Feature, dan Contoh Teksny

Isi Artikel

Pengertian Caption Text

Fungsi Caption Text

Generic Structure Caption Text

Language Feature Caption Text

Jenis Caption Text

Contoh Caption Text

Apa Sobat Pijar aktif menggunakan media sosial? Tentunya kamu sudah tidak asing lagi dong dengan istilah caption. Hampir semua orang menambahkan caption untuk konten yang mereka unggah di media sosial sebagai konteks. Dengan begitu, para pengikut bisa memahami maksud dari postingan dengan lebih mudah dan mendapatkan informasi lebih jelas melalui teks ini.

Jika kamu masih bingung mengenai apa itu teks caption, apa fungsi dan jenisnya, serta contoh-contohnya dalam Bahasa Inggris, yuk simak ulasan lengkap tentang teks ini di sini ya Sobat Pijar!

Pengertian Caption Text

Caption text merupakan jenis teks yang menjadi pelengkap dari sebuah konten foto, video, tabel, poster, atau gambar. Caption tidak akan bisa disebut caption apabila tidak ada konten yang akan diterangkan. Caption bisa memiliki teks pendek maupun panjang.

Dalam Bahasa Inggris, caption biasanya berupa deskripsi dari sebuah gambar yang akan menerangkan isi dari konten itu sendiri. Pembaca caption akan lebih mudah memahami konten foto yang tersedia. Pemilihan kata sangat penting untuk caption sehingga kalimatnya efektif dan mudah dipahami.

Fungsi Caption Text

Di dalam bab caption text kelas 12, kamu perlu mengetahui beberapa fungsi yang ada di dalam sebuah teks caption. Hal ini akan membuatmu lebih mudah dalam membuat teks dan tidak dibuat secara asal-asalan pula. Berikut adalah beberapa fungsinya:

Pelengkap gambar

Fungsi utama dari sebuah caption text adalah untuk melengkapi sebuah gambar. Apabila kamu hanya melihat sebuah gambar atau foto di media sosial tanpa caption, kamu bisa mengartikannya dengan bebas. Dengan caption, gambar pun langsung memiliki konteksnya.

Membuat konten lebih kredibel

Dengan adanya teks caption, maka kamu juga membuat konten gambar menjadi lebih kredibel karena kamu memberikan informasi yang terkait dengan gambar itu sendiri. Pembacanya pun jadi lebih mudah mengerti.

Membuat konten lebih menarik

Fungsi lain dari sebuah caption adalah untuk menyajikan konten supaya terlihat lebih menarik. Dengan caption, gambar pun menjadi lebih jelas di mata pembaca. Mereka juga bisa menyumbangkan opininya terlepas dari apapun contoh caption dan gambarnya.

Generic Structure Caption Text

Meskipun terlihat sederhana, struktur caption text dalam Bahasa Inggris memiliki sebuah ketentuan. Berikut ini adalah strukturnya sehingga terlihat rapi.

Title

Bagian utama dari sebuah caption text adalah title atau judul. Alangkah baiknya jika title bisa membangun rasa penasaran pembaca, sehingga mereka membaca isi caption seterusnya.

Lead

Lead merupakan sebuah isi yang menginformasikan tentang hal-hal yang ada di gambar. Isi lead harus ditulis dengan spesifik, sehingga pembaca pun bisa tertarik.

Section heading

Bagian ini lebih pendek isi tulisannya. Tujuan section heading adalah untuk memberikan keterangan pada setiap gambar yang tersedia.

Language Feature Caption Text

Kaidah kebahasaan di dalam sebuah caption text juga penting untuk dipahami. Pasalnya, kamu menyajikan informasi yang sifatnya faktual dan juga harus bisa menarik minat pembacanya. Berikut adalah beberapa language features dalam caption text.

Present tense

Kaidah kebahasaan yang paling penting di dalam sebuah caption text adalah menggunakan simple present tense. Di sini, kamu perlu menyajikan informasi yang akurat dan faktual. Oleh karena itu, simple present tense digunakan.

Menggunakan exclamation

Exclamation atau tanda seru menjadi salah satu ciri untuk menarik perhatian pembaca. Dengan adanya seruan, pembaca pun menjadi lebih tertarik untuk menangkap info secara keseluruhan.

Menggunakan adjective dan adverb phrase

Kedua frasa tersebut sangat penting dalam caption. Adjective phrase akan membangun deskripsi lebih akurat di pemikiran pembaca. Sementar adverb akan membantu mereka untuk membayangkan latar waktu dan tempat kejadiannya.

Jenis Caption Text

Selain memahami apa itu caption text, kamu juga harus tahu beragam jenis caption text yang akan kamu temukan di berbagai media sosial. Berikut macam-macam caption text beserta deskripsi singkatnya.

Quote

Quote atau kutipan adalah salah satu caption populer yang disertakan dalam foto. Kutipan berasal dari orang yang ada di foto itu sendiri. Panjang kutipan tergantung dari ucapan pembicara dan isinya sama sekali harus murni tanpa diedit.

Summary

Summary di dalam caption text diartikan sebagai sebuah rangkuman kejadian. Isinya mirip seperti sebuah teks report, namun lebih ringkas dengan poin-poin. Isi summary akan mewakili gambar dengan informasi seperti waktu, lokasi, dan pihak yang ada di dalam kejadian.

Identification

Identification merupakan jenis caption yang menggambarkan setiap orang di dalam gambar tersebut. Apabila di foto bukanlah orang melainkan benda, maka isi captionnya akan menjelaskan benda tersebut. Gunanya adalah memberi kejelasan tentang seluk-beluknya.

Story-telling

Caption yang satu ini banyak menarik minat pembaca. Isinya adalah narasi yang disertai dengan beberapa kutipan. Biasanya, caption jenis ini akan mewakili banyak jenis gambar di dalamnya. Banyak teknik marketing yang mengandalkan caption jenis ini untuk menjangkau targetnya.

Expanded

Expanded adalah jenis caption yang paling panjang. Jumlahnya tidak dibatasi karena tujuannya adalah memberikan informasi yang lengkap untuk pembaca. Penulis juga mengembangkan informasinya agar tidak kabur dari konteks.

Cutline

Cutline adalah caption yang sangat pendek dan letaknya ada di bawah gambar yang ada di media massa. Cutline akan menjelaskan gambar dengan satu kalimat saja.

Group

Group caption adalah jenis caption yang menjelaskan per gambar yang pemilik postingannya mengunggah banyak gambar dalam satu post. Caption biasanya memiliki nomor gambar untuk konteks yang lebih jelasnya.

Contoh Caption Text

Example caption text bisa membantumu untuk membuat caption yang lebih menarik di mata pembaca dan tidak lagi menulis secara asal-asalan. Simak beberapa contoh caption di bawah ini ya, Sobat Pijar!

Contoh Cutline

“The graphic of birth rate in South East Asia countries.” (Grafik angka kelahiran di negara-negara Asia Tenggara).

Contoh Quote

“About 80% of success is showing up.” – Woody Allen (Sekitar 80% kesuksesan adalah dengan muncul – Woody Allen).

Contoh Identification

“The picture of President Joko Widodo in Indramayu farmland.” (Gambar Presiden Joko Widodo di area sawah Indramayu).

Contoh Summary

Indonesia has entered the El-Nino phase in July 2023! El-Nino is the phase where Indonesia will get longer dry season. It is expected that el-Nino brings effects to dry season until early 2024 with crops failure. This extreme phenomenon is based on ENSO+ and people should be ready for drought in many areas. (Indonesia telah memasuki fase El-Nino pada Juli 2023! El-Nino adalah fase ketika Indonesia mengalami kekeringan lebih lama. Efek El-Nino akan sampai awal 2024 dengan kasus gagal panen. Fenomena yang ekstrim ini didasarkan oleh ENSO+ dan orang-orang harus bersiap dengan kekeringan).

Menulis caption text bisa dilatih karena kita hampir melakukannya dalam kegiatan bermedia sosial sehari-hari. Teks ini tidak boleh kabur dari gambar yang disediakan karena fungsinya hanya menjelaskan apa yang terjadi di dalam gambar.

Posted on November 17, 2023 by widodogb

preferences

“Preferences”

(menyatakan : lebih suka …….daripada……)

(apakah kamu suka…. Daripada…)	Responses (saya lebih suka … daripada…)
Would you prefer ….… to …..……. (or )?	I would prefer … rather than ….
Would you rather ……..than ………..(or )?	I would rather …… than….
Would you like ….…better than…………..(or)?	I like …… better than…..
Do you like … … better/ more than ….. ?	I like … … more than … …
	I like both (saya suka keduanya)
Do you prefer …. ……?	I don’t like either of them (saya tdk suka keduanya)
Which one do you prefer? (yg manakah..)	Neither (tidak keduanya)
Titik-titik diisi : Noun (Kata Benda) atau Verb ing

Preferences

Prefer …. to…. ( lebih suka …. dari pada ….)

Would rather …than…. ( lebih suka …. dari pada ….)

Like …. better than/more than …. ( lebih suka …. dari pada ….)

Both : keduanya

Either : keduanya (-)

Neither: tidak keduanya

Exercise 1

Translate into good English

Apa yang biasanya kamu lakukan pada hari minggu ?

What do you usually do on Sunday?

Yang mana kamu suka, pergi ke pantai atau gunung ?

Which do you like, go to the beach or the mountain?

Saya lebih suka pergi berenang dari pada jalan-jalan di mall/sightseeing

I prefer go swimming to sightseeing.

Apa yang kamu suka untuk makan malam, Bu ?

What do you like for supper , mam?

Saya lebih suka makan mie daripada bakso

I like eating noodle better than meatball

Apakah kamu ingin pergi ke konser Niken Salindry malam ini ?

Do you want to go to Niken Salindry concert to night?

Jenis film apa yang kamu lebih sukai ?

What kind of movie do you like?

Saya lebih suka film petualangan dan komedi,daripada Film perang.

I would prefer adventure movie and comedy rather than war movie.

Dapatkah anda ceritakan padaku, siapakah bintang film favorit mu ?

Could you tell me, who is your favorite star movie?

Saya lebih lebih suka nonton MetroTV daripada Indosiar

I would rather watching MetroTV than Indosiar.

example

1. CHANGE TO OTHER FORMS OF PREFERENCE
I prefer studying English to Korean.

I would rather studying English than Korean

I would prefer studying English rather than Korean

2. CHANGE TO OTHER FORMS OF PREFERENCE
I prefer reading English books to Korean books.
I like …… better than …………….
I would rather ……… than ………
I would prefer ……… rather than …..

3. CHANGE TO OTHER FORMS OF PREFERENCE
I prefer driving a car to riding a motorcycle.
I like ……. better than …………….
I would rather ……… than ………
I would prefer ……… rather than …..

4. CHANGE TO OTHER FORMS OF PREFERENCE
I prefer singing English songs to Korean songs.
I like …… better than …………….
I would rather ……… than ………
I would prefer ……… rather than …..

5. CHANGE TO OTHER FORMS OF PREFERENCE
I prefer teaching English to Korean.
I like ……. better than …………….
I would rather ……… than ………
I would prefer ……… rather than …..

6. CHANGE TO OTHER FORMS OF PREFERENCE
I prefer writing to reading.
I like …… better than …………….
I would rather ……… than ………
I would prefer ……… rather than …..

7. CHANGE TO OTHER FORMS OF PREFERENCE
I prefer swimming to playing tennis.
I like …… better than …………….
I would rather ……… than ………
I would prefer ……… rather than …..

8. CHANGE TO OTHER FORMS OF PREFERENCE
I prefer talking with you to Totok.
I like ……. better than …………….
I would rather ……… than ………
I would prefer ……… rather than …..

9. CHANGE TO OTHER FORMS OF PREFERENCE
I prefer going to Bali to Korea.
I like ….. better than …………….
I would rather ……… than ………
I would prefer ……… rather than …..

10. CHANGE TO OTHER FORMS OF PREFERENCE
I prefer living in Malang to Jakarta.
I like …… better than …………….
I would rather ……… than ………
I would prefer ……… rather than …..

TEST 1

Fill in the blank by using the most suitable preference.

1. We . . . . . . . cake to bread.

2. They . . . . . . studying in group better than hanging out.

3. I . . . . . . not to do the task.

4. Reva . . . . . . sewing to gardening.

5. Sansan . . . . . . believe to Kevin than blame Kevin.

6. Marria . . . . . . . chocolate better than candy.

7. Mom . . . . . . . . me to join English club at school.

8. She . . . . . . . . draw than paint.

9. Layla . . . . . . . . to save her money rather than buy something unnecessary.

10. I . . . . . . . . fighting to giving up.

11. Antonio . . . . . . . . to talk the bitter truth rather than tell a sweet lie.

12. My dad . . . . . . . . drink tea than drink coffee.

13. Wilson . . . . . . . . to watch comedy rather than read novel.

14. My cousin and my sister . . . . . . . . . oriental foods to western foods.

15. I . . . . . . . hurt myself than ever make you cry.

16. All cats . . . . . . . . fish better than sausage.

17. Sinta is an active girl, she. . . . . . . . to stay outside rather than sleep all day during holiday.

18. My grandpa . . . . . . chicken soup better than curry.

19. Ina . . . . . . . . waiting for the rain to stop to walking under the rain.

20. Laras . . . . . . . . attend the party than accompany her brother to the dentist.

TEST 2

Error Recognition

Correct the error in the sentence below!

1. She prefers cooking to read.

2. We prefer to do the task by ourselves rather than cheating.

3. Sari said she would rather to eat alone.

4. Mikha would rather call to send message.

5. Linda like dress better than T-shirt.

6. I would prefer you to buying snacks.

7. My cat would prefer sleep than play.

8. Nisa likes singing rather than dancing.

9. Sarah would prefer to write poem than read novel.

10. They would prefer going home.

TEST 3

Multiple choice

Choose the best answer of the questions below!

1. Mitha prefers . . . . . . . . to cycling.

a. run

b. ran

c. running

d. runs

2. Lyla prefers meatball . . . . . . . . . steak.

a. rather than

b. better than

c. to

d. than

3. We like . . . . . . better than fishing.

a. farm

b. farming

c. farmed

d. farmer

4. I would prefer her . . . . . . . at home.

a. study

b. studying

c. to studying

d. to study

5. He would rather . . . . . . . . than work.

a. play

b. plays

c. playing

d. to play

6. I prefer . . . . . . . rather than exercise in holiday.

a. sleep

b. to sleep

c. sleeping

d. sleeps

7. Daniel . . . . . . . drive his own car than take public transportation.

a. would rather

b. prefer

c. would prefer

d. likes

8. Anna likes orange . . . . . . . . apple.

a. to

b. rather than

c. than

d. better than

9. Lulu would prefer to admit her mistake . . . . . . lie.

a. rather than

b. would rather

c. better than

d. than

10. Rasya . . . . . . . decorating the room better than painting.

a. prefer

b. would prefer

c. like

d. likes

Posted on November 15, 2023 by widodogb

Past tense & Passive Voice

Tabel Kata kerja Tidak Beraturan / irregular verbs

Past Tense (lampau) 1. Marry helped her son, last night (verb 2) Marry didn`t help her son last night (kalimat negative perlu kata kerja bantu DID) Did Marry help her son last night? (kalimat Tanya perlu kata kerja bantu DID) 2. I was in the library, this morning (kalimat tdk ada kata kerja pakai tobe (was/were) I wasn`t in the library yesterday Were you in the library, just now? Menyatakan “di /ter” (kalimat passive) = tobe + Verb 3 1. Marry helps her son (active) The son is helped By Marry (passive) V3 2. My Mother helps him He is helped by my mother. V3 3. Father buy that bicycle, yesterday That bicycle was bought by father yesterday 4. Saya akan menyediakan beberapa makanan (aktif) I will provide some food 5. Kita akan disediakan beberapa makanan (pasif) We will be provided some food 6. Saya akan memakai baju seragam (aktif) I will wear a uniform 7. Baju seragam ini akan dipakai oleh temanku (pasif) This uniform will be worn by my friend Menyatakan “Telah” Have/has + Verb 3/been 1. Saya telah mengerjakan PR I Have done the homework 2. Mereka telah disini sejak kemarin They have been here since yesterday 3. Andre telah bertemu Pak Adi Andre has met Mr. Adi 4. Apakah kamu telah menyelesaikan pekerjaanmu? Have you finished your job?
*Kata Kerja Beraturan(regular verbs) menambahkan ED pada V2, V3*Eg. Study-studied-studied, accompany-accompanied-accompanied, walk-walked-walked, like-liked-liked, finish-finished-finished, play-played-played, type-typed-typed, climb-climbed-climbed
*Kata Kerja Tidak Beraturan (pelajari tabel dibawah berikut)*

	Verb I	Verb II	Verb III	Translation
	do/does	did	done	mengerjakan,melakukan
	arise	arose	arisen	bangkit, timbul
	bear	bore	born /borne	lahir, memikul
	beat	beat	beaten / beat	Memukul
	become	became	become	menjadi
	begin	began	begun	mulai
	bite	bit	bitten / bit	Menggigit
	blend	blent UK / blended	blended	mencampur
	bless	blest / blessed	blest / blessed	memberkati
	blow	blew	blown	Meniup
	break	broke	broken	merusak, pecah
	breed	bred	bred	menternakan
	bring	brought	brought	membawa
	build	built	built	membangun
	burn	burnt / burned	burnt / burned	membakar
	burst	burst	burst	meledak
	buy	bought	bought	membeli
	cast	cast	cast	melempar
	catch	caught	caught	menangkap
	choose	chose	chosen	memilih
	come	came	come	datang
	cost	cost	cost	berharga
	cut	cut	cut	memotong
	deal	dealt	dealt	menyepakati
	dig	dug	dug	menggali
	dive	dived, US dove	dived, US dove	menyelam
	draw	drew	drawn	menarik, menggambar
	dream	dreamt / dreamed	dreamt / dreamed	bermimpi
	drink	drank	drunk	meminum
	drive	drove	driven	mengendarai
	dwell	dwelt / dwelled	dwelt / dwelled	menghuni
	eat	ate	eaten	memakan
	fall	fell	fallen	jatuh
	feed	fed	fed	memberi makan
	feel	felt	felt	merasakan
	find	found	found	menemukan
	fly	flew / flied (baseball)	flown / flied (baseball)	menerbangkan
	forbid	forbade / forbid	forbidden / forbid	melarang
	forecast	forecast / UK forecasted	forecast / UK forecasted	meramal
	forget	forgot	forgotten / forgot	melupakan
	forgive	forgave	forgiven	memaafkan
	freeze	froze	frozen	membeku
	get	got	got / US gotten	mendapatkan
	give	gave	given	memberi
	go	went	gone	pergi
	grind	ground	ground	mengasah
	grow	grew	grown	tumbuh
	hang	hung	hung	menggantung
	hear	heard	heard	mendengar
	hew	hewed	hewn	menebang
	hide	hid	hidden	menyembunyikan
	hit	hit	hit	memukul
	hold	held	held	memegang
	hurt	hurt	hurt	melukai
	input	input / inputted	input / inputted	memasukkan
	inset	inset	inset	menyisipkan
	keep	kept	kept	menjaga
	kneel	knelt / US kneeled	knelt / US kneeled	berlutut
	knit	knit / knitted	knit / knitted	Merajut/mengkerut
	know	knew	known	Mengetahui
	lay	laid	laid	Menaruh
	lead	led	led	Memimpin
	lean	leaned / UK, leant	leaned / UK leant	bersandar
	leap	leapt / leaped	leapt / leaped	melompat
	learn	learned / UK learnt	learned / UK learnt	belajar
	leave	left	left	meninggalkan
	lend	lent	lent	meminjamkan
	let	let	let	membiarkan
	lie	lay	lain	berbaring
	light	lit / lighted	lit / lighted	menyalakan
	lose	lost	lost	kehilangan
	make	made	made	membuat
	mean	meant	meant	berarti
	meet	met	met	bertemu
	mistake	mistook	mistaken	Salah
	misunderstand	misunderstood	misunderstood	salah paham
	pay	paid	paid	membayar
	prove	proved / prove	proved / US proven	membuktikan
	put	put	put	menaruh
	quit	quit	quit	keluar, meninggalkan, berhenti
	read	read (/red/, ucapan “red”)	read (/red/, ucapan “red”)	membaca
	rebuild	rebuilt	rebuilt	membangun kembali
	redo	redid	redone	mengulang, mengerjakan kembali
	rend	rent / US rended	rent / US rended	mengoyak
	repay	repaid	repaid	membayar kembali
	ride	rode	ridden	menunggang
	ring	rang	rung	berdering
	rise	rose	risen	terbit
	run	ran	run	berlari
	saw	sawed	sawed / sawn	menggergaji
	say	said	said	berkata
	see	saw	seen	melihat
	seek	sought	sought	mencari
	sell	sold	sold	menjual
	send	sent	sent	mengirim
	set	set	set	menata
	sew	sewed	sewn / sewed	menjahit
	shake	shook	shaken	mengocok
	shall	should		dapat
	shave	shaved / shove	shaved / shaven	mencukur
	shed	shed	shed	melepaskan
	shine	shone / shined	shone / shined	berkilau
	shoot	shot	shot	menembak
	show	showed	shown / showed	mempertunjukan
	shrink	shrank / US shrunk	shrunk / US shrunken	mengkerut
	shut	shut	shut	menutup
	sing	sang	sung	menyanyi
	sink	sank	sunk	tenggelam
	sit	sat	sat / sitten / setten	duduk
	slay	slew / slayed	slain / slayed	membantai
	sleep	slept	slept	tidur
	slide	slid	slid	meluncur
	sling	slung / slang	slung	melempar
	slit	slit	slit	membelah
	smell	smelled US / smelt	smelled US / smelt	berbau
	speak	spoke	spoken	berbicara
	speed	sped / US speeded	sped / US speeded	mempercepat
	spell	spelled US / spelt	spelled US / spelt	mengeja
	spend	spent	spent	membelanjakan
	spill	spilled / spilt	spilled / spilt	menumpahkan
	spin	spun /	spun	berputar
	spit	spat / US spit	spat / US spit	meludah
	split	split	split	membelah
	spoil	spoiled / spoilt	spoiled / spoilt	memanjakan
	spread	spread	spread	menyebarkan, mengoles
	stand	stood	stood	berdiri
	steal	stole	stolen	mencuri
	stick	stuck	stuck	menempelkan
	strike	struck	stricken	menyerang
	string	strung	strung	menalikan
	swear	swore	sworn	bersumpah
	sweat	sweat / sweated	sweat / sweated	berkeringat
	sweep	swept	swept	menyapu
	swim	swam	swum	berenang
	take	took	taken	mengambil
	teach	taught	taught	mengajar
	tear	tore	torn	merobek
	tell	told	told	menceritakan
	think	thought	thought	berfikir
	throw	threw	thrown	melempar
	understand	understood	understood	mengerti
	undertake	undertook	undertaken	menjalankan
	upset	upset	upset	sedih, mengecewakan
	wake	woke / waked	woken / waked	bangun, membangunkan
	wear	wore	worn	memakai
	wed	wed / wedded	wed / wedded	mengawini
	weep	wept	wept	menangis
	wet	wet / wetted	wet / wetted	basah
	win	won	won	memenangkan
	wind	wound	wound	menggulung
	withdraw	withdrew	withdrawn	menarik
	write	wrote	written	menulis

Exercises 1

Choose the correct answer by cross out the wrong words

1. Jerry datang ke rapat OSIS, tepat waktu, tadi pagi

(+) Jerry (come/came) to the OSIS meeting, this morning

(- ) Jerry didn`t (come/came) the OSIS meeting, this morning

( ?) (Does / Did) Jerry come the OSIS meeting, this morning?

2. Kami memutuskan untuk belajar di SMK, tahun lalu

(+) We (decide /decided) studying in SMK, last year

(-) We didn`t (decide /decided) studying in SMK, last year

(?) did we (decide /decided) studying in SMK,last year?

3. They belajar memperbaiki mobil, hari minggu lalu

(+) They (study /studied) repairing the car

(-) They didn`t (study /studied) repairing the car

(?) Did they (study /studied) repairing the car?

4. Bulan lalu, saya melaksanakan Prakerin di Prabrik Redjoagung (Prakerin=aprentice)

(+) Last month. I (do/did) an aprentice in Redjoagung company

(-) last month. I didn`t (do/did) an aprentice in Redjoagung company

(?) (do/did) you do an aprentice in Redjoagung company, last month?

5. Bu Ari memberi nasihat pada kami, tadi

(+) Miss Ari (give /gave) an advice to us, just now

(-) Miss Ari didn`t (give /gave) an advice to us, just now

(?) Did She (give /gave) an advice to us, just now?

6. Mereka di rumahku tadi malam

(+) They (is/are/was/were) in my house, last night

(-) They (is/are/was/were) not in my house, last night

(?) (is/are/was/were) They in my house, last night?

Exercises 2

Translate into good English!

PR itu dikerjakan oleh kelompok kami
Buku Bahasa Inggris dibagikan oleh guru
Air itu diminum oleh tommy
Bunga itu disirami air setiap hari
Kami di bawa pemandu wisata ke museum
Mereka telah bekerja selama sebulan
Bola itu telah dilempar oleh adiku
Mereka telah disini sejak saya kecil
Surat ini telah ditulis seminggu yang lalu
Mereka telah belajar di sini selama 2 tahun

PASSIVE VOICE / KALIMAT PASIF

To be + Verb 3 menyatakan = Di / Ter

Active	Professor Villa gives Jorge a task.
Active	Professor Villa gave Jorge a task, yesterday
Passive	A task was given to Jorge by Professor Villa.
Passive	Jorge was given a task.
Interrogative	Was task given to Jorge ?
Negative	Jorge was not given a task by Professor Villa

Contoh Kalimat Stative Passive

I am interested in Javanese art. (Artinya: Saya tertarik dengan kesenian Jawa)

He is satisfied with his job. (Artinya: Dia terpuaskan dengan pekerjaannya)

Anna is married to Alex. (Artinya: Anna dinikahkan dengan Alex)

Ketiga contoh kalimat di atas adalah bentuk dari stative passive. Dari ketiga kalimat pasif di atas tidak ada yang menggunakan frase “by“. Supaya lebih jelas lagi, mari kita bandingkan contoh kalimat di bawah ini.

Fact: I locked the door five minutes ago.

(Artinya: Saya mengunci pintu 5 menit yang lalu)

Passive voice: The door was locked by me five minutes ago.

(Artinya: Pintunya dikunci oleh saya 5 menit yang lalu)

Stative Passive: Now the door is locked.

(Artinya: Sekarang pintunya terkunci)

Contoh Kalimat Stative Passive lainnya:

Fact	Passive Voice	Stative Passive
Shelly broke the window.	The window was broken by Shelly.	Now the window is broken.
She rejects my love.	My love is rejected by her.	My love is rejected.
Andy repaired my car two days ago.	My car was repaired by Andy two days ago.	My car was repaired two days ago.

Jadi kita dapat menyimpulkan bahwa pada passive voice (kalimat pasif) kita menggunakan frase “by” (yang artinya: oleh).

Sedangkan pada kalimat stative passive, bentuk penyusunan kalimatnya sama seperti kalimat pasif hanya saja tidak ada frase “by”. Dan bentuk past participle (Verb 3) nya berfungsi sebagai adjective.

Perhatikan lagi contoh kalimat di bawah ini supaya lebih jelas:

It is hot in this room because the window is closed.

(Artinya: Hawanya panas di ruangan ini karena jendelanya ditutup)

The door to this room is shut.

(Artinya: Pintu menuju ruangan ini dikunci)

The lights in this room are turned off.

(Artinya: Lampu-lampu di ruangan ini dimatikan)

We couldn’t go any farther. The car is trapped in the mud.

(Artinya: Kita tidak dapat pergi/ berjalan lebih jauh. Mobilnya terjebak di lumpur)

Don’t tell your brother! His birthday present is hidden in the closet.

(Artinya: Jangan katakana pada kakakmu! Hadiah ulang tahunnya disembunyikan di lemari)

PENTING:

Adapula beberapa kalimat yang mengandung unsur penggunaan ungkapan kiasan (idiomatic) dari bentuk pasif, contohnya:

I don’t know where I am. I am lost.

(Artinya: Saya tidak tahu dimana saya sekarang. Saya tersesat)

I can’t find my purse. It is gone.

(Artinya: Saya tidak dapat menemukan dompet saya. Dompetnya hilang)

I am finished with my work.

I am done with my work.

(Artinya: Saya sudah selesai dengan pekerjaan/ tugas saya)

Ke-empat contoh kalimat di atas adalah dalam bentuk pasif semua, bukan active voice(kalimat aktif) walaupun beberapa kalimat tersebut pada kata kerja (verb)-nya tidak diawali dengan awal “-ter” atau “-di” jika diterjemahkan ke Bahasa Indonesia.

Contoh Passive Voice

Tenses	Active	Passive
Simple Present	Once a week, Tom cleans the house.	Once a week, the house is cleaned by Tom.
Present Continuous	Right now, Sarah is writing the letter.	Right now, the letter is being written by Sarah.
Simple Past	Sam repaired the car.	The car was repaired by Sam.
Past Continuous	The salesman was helping the customer when the thief came into the store.	The customer was being helped by the salesman when the thief came into the store.
Present Perfect	Many tourists have visited that castle.	That castle has been visited by many tourists.
Present Perfect Continuous	Recently, John has been doing the work.	Recently, the work has been being done by John.
Past Perfect	George had repaired many cars before he received his mechanic’s license.	Many cars had been repaired by George before he received his mechanic’s license.
Past Perfect Continuous	Chef Jones had been preparing the restaurant’s fantastic dinners for two years before he moved to Paris.	The restaurant’s fantastic dinners had been being prepared by Chef Jones for two years before he moved to Paris.
Simple Future will	Someone will finish the work by 5:00 PM.	The work will be finished by 5:00 PM.
Simple Future be going to	Sally is going to make a beautiful dinner tonight.	A beautiful dinner is going to be made by Sally tonight.
Future Continuous will	At 8:00 PM tonight, John will be washing the dishes.	At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes will be being washed by John.
Future Continuous be going to	At 8:00 PM tonight, John is going to be washing the dishes.	At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes are going to be being washed by John.
Future Perfect will	They will have completed the project before the deadline.	The project will have been completed before the deadline.
Future Perfect be going to	They are going to have completed the project before the deadline.	The project is going to have been completed before the deadline.
Future Perfect Continuous will	The famous artist will have been painting the mural for over six months by the time it is finished.	The mural will have been being painted by the famous artist for over six months by the time it is finished.
Future Perfect Continuous be going to	The famous artist is going to have been painting the mural for over six months by the time it is finished.	The mural is going to have been being painted by the famous artist for over six months by the time it is finished.
Used to	Jerry used to pay the bills.	The bills used to be paid by Jerry.
Would Always	My mother would always make the pies.	The pies would always be made by my mother.
Future in the Past Would	I knew John would finish the work by 5:00 PM.	I knew the work would be finished by 5:00 PM.
Future in the Past Was Going to	I thought Sally was going to make a beautiful dinner tonight.	I thought a beautiful dinner was going to be made by Sally tonight.

Exercise 1.

Changes into passive voice form

My father plants vegetables
My sister bought falk tales book last night
Students receive scolarship, today
chickens eat corn in the yard
He opened his shop this morning
They watched colossal movie yesterday
He reads a chemist book
Amin did a mathematic test
We filled the register form
My uncle rides a horse around the lake

Exercise 2.

Changes into passive voice form

Exercise 3

The following sentences are written in the passive voice. Rewrite them using active-voice verbs. (Answers may vary.)

1. Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony was performed masterfully by the university orchestra.

2. Quarterly reports will be submitted along with statistics charting sales for each product.

3. Three new procedures for assessing product safety have been recommended by the company’s external consultants.

4. The report has been carefully reviewed by a team of unbiased individuals who were not part of the original project.

5. An attempt was made to ensure that all item types were sampled proportionally.

ANSWERS

1. The university orchestra masterfully performed Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony.

2. Regional sales representatives will submit quarterly reports along with statistics charting sales for each product.

3. The company’s external consultants recommended three new procedures for assessing product safety.

4. A team of unbiased individuals who were not part of the original project has carefully reviewed the report.

5. Researchers made an attempt to ensure that all item types were sampled proportionally.

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